چکیده:
علوم شناختی به عنوان دانشی نوین و میانرشتهای در باره فرایند شناخت و ذهن بشر بحث میکند و از جهات مختلف در علم کلام و الهیات تأثیرگذار است و نیز میتواند از آن تأثیر بپذیرد.نوشتار حاضر تلاش کرده است به انواع روابط علوم شناختی و علم کلام در قالب رابطه محتوایی، روشی و مدلی بپردازد.در محور اول در سه ساحت خداشناسی، دینشناسی و انسانشناسی از اموری مانند اثبات، توصیف خدا و تعریف اسماء و صفات الهی، وحی و تجربه دینی، رابطه علم و دین، کارکردهای دین ، مسئله ذهن و بدن، مشکل هوش مصنوعی، یگانگی خرد انسانی و امور فطری و نیز اراده آزاد به عنوان حوزه مشترک محتوایی نام برده شد.در محور دوم با توجه به بهرهگیری علم کلام از روشهای متعدد، به وحدت روشی با علوم شناختی اذعان شد.در محور سوم با عنایت به مباحث زبان شناسی شناختی در باب استعاره، از گونه ارتباط ساختاری و مدلی یاد شد که میتواند تأثیرات فراوانی در علم کلام داشته باشد.
Introduction
Cognitive science is a modern and interdisciplinary science that, along with nanotechnology, biotechnology, information technology, forms the convergent knowledge complex (NBIC). Theology is a science that deals with deriving, regulating and explaining religious knowledge and concepts And proves and justifies the propositions of faith with various methods of reasoning, including arguments, debates, speeches, etc., and answers the objections and doubts of the opponents of religion. Some issues have been raised in the scientific sciences that challenge some theological issues. Since theology is responsible for explaining and defending the revelation and theological teachings, it is necessary to enter these topics. On the one hand, if faced with a lack of knowledge, theology should complete itself, and on the other hand, with its constructive criticism, clarify the deficiency of the cognitive sciences and complement these sciences.
Method of Study:
The upcoming article intends to deal with the types of relationship between cognitive sciences and speech with the library method in collecting information and the analytical descriptive method in deriving the point of view.
Findings
The findings of this research are as follows: 1. Sciences can appear in two conflicting and cooperative roles in relation to each other. For the cooperative role, it is possible to depict various types of relationships based on the elements and components of science. These relationships can be divided into three content, method and model relationships. 2. Content relationship can be propositional and basic, and each can be divided into three types: production and consumption relationship, dialogic relationship, and cohesive, corrective, and deepening relationship. 3. The content relationship between cognitive sciences and theologycan be depicted in the three fields of theology, religion and anthropology. a. Things like proof, description of God and definition of divine names and attributes are related to the first area. b. Matters such as revelation and religious experience, the relationship between science and religion, and the functions of religion are related to the second area. c. Matters such as the problem of mind and body, the problem of artificial intelligence, the unity of human wisdom and natural affairs, as well as free will are common areas of content in the third area. 4. Cognitive science by using experimental method in the field of cognitive studies is effective in correcting and completing and deepening theological topics. 5. Due to the use of multiple methods by theology, it is possible to mention the methodological unity of this science with the cognitive sciences, while theology uses other methods that the cognitive sciences do not use, and for this reason, it can help the theories of the cognitive sciences. 6. Sometimes the relationship between two things is a structural relationship, for example, the relationship between the Qur'an and Islamic thought can be content and structural. The structural relation is the same as the model relation. 7. Based on the discussions of conceptual metaphor in cognitive sciences, it is claimed that the Qur'an as a text that theologians use and are responsible for defending has used this model. Paying attention to this model has many effects in the field of theological debates, including the knowledge of God, existential monotheism, and Islamic cosmology and worldview, and it can make judgments about theological sects and religions.
Conclusion
Undoubtedly, there are relations between sciences. In this article, it was clarified that there are three relationships between cognitive science and theology: content, method, and model creation. The content relation can be propositional and principled, that is, the relation in the content is sometimes related to the presuppositions and fields of science and sometimes it is related to the propositions that are present in the scene of science. The model relationship is related to the structure and has nothing to do with the content.